The 14,000 volunteer prisoners of war who went to Taiwan远赴台湾的14000名志愿军战俘：并非不想回大陆，是被人断了后路

 The 14,000 volunteer prisoners of war who went to Taiwan: It’s not that they don’t want to go back to the mainland, but they were cut off

At 10 a.m. on July 27, 1953, with China, the United States and North Korea officially signing the "Korean Armistice Agreement" in Panmunjom, the Korean War finally ushered in the end.

The most important step after the end of the Korean War was the return of the prisoners of war on both sides. In fact, as early as March of that year, Premier Zhou Enlai was concerned about this matter and advocated a fair settlement between the two sides, and the immediate and unconditional repatriation of all captured personnel.

However, although the United States agreed to this on the surface, it used various methods in the return of prisoners of war.

During the entire Korean War, about 20,000 volunteer soldiers were unfortunately captured. Until the end of the war, the United States only returned more than 6,000 people, and the other 14,000 people were all handed over to Chiang Kai-shek, who shrank to Taiwan. government.

In the face of China's protest, the US negotiators are still plausible: Don't you always emphasize that Taiwan belongs to China? Now that it is returned to Taiwan, isn’t it also returned to China?

At that time, China's national strength was still poor and weak, especially its naval strength, which was even poorer and weaker. Faced with the US's nonsense, in the end, it had no choice but to accept this result.

So far, those 14,000 people have missed the motherland like duckweed in the rain.

Although the Chiang Kai-shek government during the Korean War was not on the list of warring parties, it was never a bystander.

In fact, during the war, the U.S. military had in-depth cooperation with the Taiwan Kuomintang government and hired a large number of Kuomintang officers to come to the front to assist in operations.

In the beginning, the role of the Kuomintang officers was only to shout in Chinese to persuade the volunteers to surrender and disrupt the morale of the volunteers. Later, Chiang Kai-shek's approach became more and more unscrupulous.

In January 1951, Premier Zhou and Nehru of India reached a secret agreement. India would provide China with three sets of field hospital equipment and medicines, and charter a Norwegian freighter to enter China by water from Mumbai, India.

This batch of medicines was very important to China at that time. When an American agent reported to his superiors, he once said: "The quantity of medicines is so huge that every enemy army north of the 38th parallel can be given three shots of penicillin." It can be seen from this that, If this batch of medicine arrives on the battlefield, it will probably be able to save the lives of tens of thousands of soldiers and volunteers.

Due to the secrecy of the operation, the American agents tried to destroy it several times but failed. In the end, in desperation, the CIA agent Toft approached Chiang Kai-shek, hoping that he could dispatch the Kuomintang navy to assist.

When the CIA approved this operation, it gave Tofte $1 million in funding. Originally, according to Tofte's idea, it would be a big deal to give Chiang Kai-shek some money and rent some soldiers. However, Tofter never expected that when he heard about this, Chiang Kai-shek didn't even mention the money, and immediately nodded in agreement.

Under the instruction of Chiang Kai-shek, a formation of Kuomintang gunboats disguised as pirates stopped the Norwegian freighter in the waters just north of Taiwan.

The sailors of the Kuomintang army did not dare to think of foreigners. All Norwegian crew members on board were imprisoned in cabins, while nearly a hundred medical staff with Chinese faces were all arrested, and all equipment and medicines on board were looted.

These medical personnel detained by the Kuomintang army have disappeared into history and have never appeared again. A very high possibility is that they were executed collectively immediately after being arrested, and their bodies were thrown into the sea...

Jiang's approach is shameless. To a certain extent, his action killed tens of thousands of volunteer soldiers. When the Chinese were resisting foreign enemies, Jiang once again stabbed the One knife makes people feel angry.

Years later, when this incident was revealed, even American scholars felt unbelievable, commenting: "This is a naked act of piracy that ignored international law and attacked ships of other countries on the high seas."

After the end of the Korean War, the U.S. military thought of Chiang Kai-shek again and decided to hand over the volunteer prisoners of war to Taiwan.

Regarding this question, it is actually easy to answer. Although the Korean War is over, the American ambition to contain China has never stopped.

On battlefields where there is no gunpowder, such as diplomacy, economy, and politics, China and the United States are still engaged in fierce confrontation, which is even more cruel than the battlefield. Handing over the prisoners of war to the Kuomintang government is a step to contain China.

Many years later, Zhao Yingkui, who was among the 14,000 people, once disclosed his experience.

Zhao Yingkui was originally a Kuomintang soldier who was captured by PLA soldiers during the War of Liberation. After being inspired, he joined the Communist Party and became a glorious soldier in the North China Field Army.

During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Zhao Yingkui was in the first batch of troops to fight in Korea. He was only less than 20 years old this year.

After entering North Korea, Zhao Yingkui showed bravery and made many meritorious deeds, but unfortunately things still happened. When participating in the Battle of the Han River in 1951, Zhao Yingkui unfortunately broke his leg during the march and was unable to move on.

At that time, the army was turning in, and any lag would be fatal. The comrades in the company once wanted to pick him up and move on, but Zhao Yingkui refused.

He gave all his bullets to his comrades, and told them to move on without waiting for him.

At that time, the company's arrangement for Zhao Yingkui was to let him hide on the spot, and then send someone back to look for it after the battle was over. Unfortunately, Zhao Yingkui did not wait for his comrades in arms, but waited for an American team, and then Zhao Yingkui became a prisoner. .

At that time, three other wounded were captured together with Zhao Yingkui. After becoming prisoners, they were sent to the Pusan prisoner-of-war camp in the rear.

In the prisoner-of-war camp, the white-skinned and black-skinned American soldiers did not embarrass them, but it was the yellow-skinned South Koreans and Kuomintang members who really frightened them.

At that time, South Koreans were generally poor. As soon as Zhao Yingkui came to the prisoner-of-war camp, he was immediately caught in a small room. Several South Korean soldiers confiscated all his belongings and personal belongings. Zhao Yingkui wanted to resist, but he was beaten. Hit and kick.

When the South Koreans had just been sent away, Zhao Yingkui and others ushered in the Kuomintang soldiers again. They came here with only one purpose, and that was to recruit these prisoners of war as much as possible.

At that time, these Kuomintang members were responsible for all the life management of the prisoners of war. In order to wear down the willpower of the volunteer prisoners of war, they adopted a great compression in the quality of life.

Zhao Yingkui recalled that the rations at that time were almost unbearable, only dry wheat grains.

If dry wheat grains are not ground into powder, they are basically inedible. It is a trivial matter if they are difficult to swallow. The key problem is that they are not easy to digest. A few days before coming here, many people around Zhao Yingkui fell ill , or even die.

In addition to the bad food, the prisoners of war have to do a lot of manual labor every day. At first, they moved stones to build a house. Later, when the house was built, the soldiers were asked to demolish the house and even move the stones from one end to another. Head, and then move back, endless, hopeless.

Americans were responsible for cooking in the prisoner-of-war camp. Many years later, Zhao Yingkui recalled: "At that time, Americans could hardly cook. The bean sprouts could taste like tree bark, and they could not be chewed. It only took more than a month. When the food is improved once, those of us can barely eat some expired canned beef."

The nutritional level of the prisoners of war is generally just at the stage where they will not starve to death, but even so, few people surrender.

Later, seeing that there was really no way out, the Kuomintang people thought of another thing, that is, among these prisoners, a group of special agents were mixed to monitor the prisoners' movements at any time, and spread rumors to incite brainwashing.

The acting skills of these Kuomintang agents are often very poor. Every time they just sneak into the crowd, they can be seen through by the veterans at a glance, but the prisoners of war have nothing to do about their existence. I can only listen to them bragging about how superior the Kuomintang's policies are, and that the future is bound to be dominated by Chiang Kai-shek and so on.

Volunteers who can persist until they enter the prisoner-of-war camp without surrendering are often very determined. Because of this, the propaganda of the Kuomintang spies has almost no effect.

In the end, they had to give up and continue to use the method of terror and suppression.

The Kuomintang knew that the Volunteer Army was determined, and the only thing they cared about was being able to return to the motherland and reunite with their relatives. Therefore, in order to physically and psychologically disintegrate the Volunteer Army, some people proposed tattooing some reactionary propaganda slogans on the body of each soldier: for example, " Anti-communist and anti-Russian", "The Kuomintang returned to the mainland", and even insulting remarks against major leaders.

Soldiers are often not afraid of suffering and being beaten, but they are all afraid of getting these tattoos. Being a prisoner of war is a great shame in itself. Now that you bring this kind of writing back to your country, even if your superiors forgive you, your neighbors will probably not Forgive, so everyone revolts.

Some soldiers even used rough bricks to grind their skin to pieces after being stabbed with insulting words. They would rather risk infection and die than carry such words.

In 1953, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea ended, and China and the United States began to return prisoners.

However, in order to obstruct all this, the Kuomintang secret agents came up with another idea. They established a "Mainland Relief Association for Disaster Compatriots", included all 14,000 captives, and transported them to Taiwan's "Bitter Ridge" in the name of suffering overseas Chinese. Prisoner of War camp".

In order to promote their own legal rationality, just a few days after these people arrived in Taiwan, the Kuomintang announced to the world that all the volunteer prisoners of war had "surrendered" and joined the national army.

The real situation is that these captives were only given the name of a legion, and they were actually still held as prisoners.

14,000 people is not a small number, and eating, drinking, and drinking are not a small expense. Therefore, later, the Kuomintang began to carry out targeted massacres of them.

The first to suffer were those under the age of 16 and over the age of 40 or in poor health. These people could not do labor, so they were uniformly "cleaned up" by the Kuomintang.

The second is those who refused to cooperate. The KMT never talked about preferential treatment of prisoners of war, but any disobedience would be directly killed, and it was publicized as disappearance.

Among these people, Zhao Yingkui probably had the best luck. He once refused to join the national army, but he was not killed. Instead, he was tied to a hanger for several days, causing his hands to dislocate. He was finally sentenced to 5 years in prison Years, put in prison.

According to the laws of Taiwan at that time, Zhao Yingkui could be released on bail, but at this time he was unaccompanied in Taiwan. , the homeless, and the mentally ill.

Even for those who agreed to join the Kuomintang army, life was not easy. The Kuomintang called them soldiers in name, but their actual status was still prisoners.

These soldiers usually work as coolies. First, they do not enjoy any medical insurance, and second, they have no relatives here. Even though they were later released because of their age, they have no official status and cannot integrate into society.

For those who have been released, the Kuomintang government still holds them firmly in its hands, launching anti-communist propaganda whenever possible, and even assigning them to join different parties in order to create a "democratic atmosphere" on the island of Taiwan .

If there is a slight disobedience, they will face punishment or even be killed. In this way, on the small island far away from home, they have spent thirty years in this endless loneliness and pain...

In 1987, as the relationship between mainland China and Taiwan ushered in a easing, the Taiwan authorities did not allow these people to return to the mainland until then, and the tattoos were washed off for some of them at public expense.

At this time, 34 years have passed since they came to Taiwan.

Faced with these suffering veterans, the compatriots in the mainland are more sympathetic. Thirty years ago, they stepped out of the country with the ideal of sacrifice for the country and suffered countless grievances. Now, who really wants to criticize What about these people?

In order to be able to give these veterans a stable life for the rest of their lives, the Chinese government has clearly issued an order: allow them to return to the mainland for a settled life, especially for the home government to provide for them for the elderly, and, no longer pursue all historical issues in the past 30 years, prohibit Governments at all levels discriminate against them, allowing veterans to spend the rest of their lives in peace and stability.

After hearing the news, many veterans burst into tears with excitement. Due to the long history, many veterans have either passed away or married and had children in Taiwan. However, in the end, thousands of people, including Zhao Yingkui, returned to their hometowns in the mainland .

Although many of these volunteers were forced to join the Kuomintang, but in terms of their original intention, they never thought of betraying the country. They did not make mistakes, but were the bearers of history.

But while the shame of the past can be erased and tattoos removed, for these veterans, the scars on their hearts will never heal.

In that foreign war, those "compatriots" who had deeply hurt them became the nightmare in the hearts of countless people.

War is cruel, but those who destroy humanity and use unscrupulous methods should be hated even more. Chiang and his Kuomintang government are bound to be nailed to the pillar of shame in history forever.

远赴台湾的14000名志愿军战俘：并非不想回大陆，是被人断了后路

1953年7月27日上午10时，随着中美朝三方在板门店正式签署了《朝鲜停战协定》，朝鲜战争终于迎来了结束。

朝鲜战争结束后最为重要的一步便是双方战俘的交还，事实上，早在当年3月份开始，周恩来总理就对此事进行了关切，主张双方公平解决，立即无条件遣返一切被俘人员。

然而，美方对此虽然表面答应，但是在战俘归还上却耍起了种种手段。

在整个朝鲜战争时期，志愿军战士约有两万人不幸被俘，一直到战争结束，美方却只归还了六千余人，而另外的14000人，他们居然全部交给了缩居我国台湾的蒋介石政府。

面对中方的抗议，美方谈判人员仍旧振振有词：你们不一直强调台湾是中国的吗？现在还给台湾，不也是还给中国了吗？

当年的中国国力尚且贫弱，特别是海军实力更是称得上一穷二白，面对美方的胡搅蛮缠，最终在无奈之下，只得接受了这个结果。

至此，那14000人便如同雨中浮萍一般，与祖国失之交臂。

朝鲜战争时期的蒋介石政府虽然不在双方交战名单里，但可从来不是旁观者。

事实上，在战争期间，美军就与台湾国民党政府进行过深入协作，聘请了一大批国民党军官来到前线协助作战。

最开始，国民党军官的作用也只是用中文喊话，劝降和扰乱志愿军士气，到了后来，蒋介石的做法愈发肆无忌惮。

1951年1月周总理和印度尼赫鲁达成了一项秘密协议，由印度为中国提供三套野战医院的设备、药品，租用一艘挪威货轮，从印度孟买走水路进入中国。

这批药品对于当时的中国而言十分重要，有美国特工曾经向上级汇报时曾经称：“药品数量之巨大，足以让三八线以北每名敌军打上三针青霉素。”由此可见，这批药品如果抵达战场，将很可能能够挽回数万战士的志愿军生命。

由于行动隐秘，美国特工几次试图破坏都未取得成功，最终百般无奈之下，美国中情局特工托夫特找上了蒋介石，希望他能够出动国民党海军进行协助。

中情局在批准这项行动时，给了托夫特100万美元的经费，原本按照托夫特的想法，大不了给蒋介石一些钱，租用一些兵。然而令托夫特怎么也没想到的是，当听闻此事之后，蒋介石居然连钱都没有提，立马点头同意了。

在蒋介石的授意下，一支国民党炮艇编队伪装成海盗，在台湾正北海域截停了这艘挪威货轮。

国民党军水兵不敢打外国人的主意，船上的一切挪威船员全部关入舱室里囚禁起来，而近百名中国面孔的医务人员则全部被逮捕，连同船上的所有设备和药品均遭到洗劫一空。

这些被国民党军扣押的医务人员至此消失在历史中，再也没有出现，一个很大的可能性是他们在被捕之后，便立刻遭到了集体处决，抛尸大海……

蒋氏的这一做法堪称无耻，从某种程度上来讲，他的这一举动害死的是数万名志愿军战士，当中国人正在抵御外敌时，蒋氏再一次狠狠地捅上了一刀，令人感到愤怒。

多年以后，这一事件败露，就连美国学者都感到难以置信，评价说：“这是一次无视国际法，而在公海袭击他国船只的赤裸裸的海盗行为。”

到了朝鲜战争结束以后，美军再度想起了蒋介石，决定把志愿军战俘交给台湾。

关于这个问题，事实上也很好解答，虽然朝鲜战争结束了，但是美国人遏制中国的野心从未停止。

在外交、经济、政治等没有硝烟的战场上，中美双方仍然在进行激烈的交锋，甚至比之战场更为残酷，而将战俘交给国民党政府，便是遏制中国的一步。

多年以后，身处于这14000人当中的赵英魁曾经公开过自己的经历。

赵英魁本是国民党士兵，在解放战争中被解放军战士俘虏，受到感召后加入了共产党，成为华北野战军一名光荣的战士。

抗美援朝时期，赵英魁所在的部队是第一批入朝作战的，这一年，他才不到20岁。

进入朝鲜以后，赵英魁表现勇敢，多次立功，但不幸的事情还是发生了，在1951年参加汉江战役时，赵英魁不幸在行军过程中摔伤了腿，导致无法继续前进。

当时正值部队转进，任何滞后都是致命的，连队战友曾经想要扛起他继续前进，但却被赵英魁所拒绝了。

他把自己全部的子弹交给了战友，让战友继续前进，不用等他。

当时连队给赵英魁下的安排是，让他就地掩藏，等到战役结束以后，再派专人回来寻找，只可惜，赵英魁最终没有等到战友，而是等到了一支美军小队，随后，赵英魁沦为了俘虏。

当时和赵英魁一起被俘的还有另外三名伤员，成为俘虏之后，他们便被集中送到了位于大后方的釜山战俘营。

在战俘营里，白皮肤和黑皮肤的美国兵倒是没有对他们进行为难，但真正令他们感到畏惧的，恰是那些同为黄皮肤的南朝鲜人与国民党人。

当时的南朝鲜人普遍贫穷，赵英魁一来到战俘营便立马被抓到小房间里，几个南朝鲜士兵搜走了他全部的财物和个人物品，赵英魁想要反抗，却遭到了一番拳打脚踢。

等到刚刚送走了这批南朝鲜人，赵英魁等人又迎来了国民党军人，他们来到这里的目的只有一个，那就是尽最大可能招降这批战俘。

当时这批国民党人负责战俘们的全部生活管理，为了能够消磨志愿军战俘的意志力，他们在生活质量上采取了极大的压缩。

赵英魁回忆，当时的口粮几乎难以下咽，只有干巴巴的小麦粒。

干小麦粒如果不进行研磨成粉的话，基本上是不可以食用的，难以下咽尚且是小事，关键问题是不好消化，来到这里的前几天，赵英魁身边就有不少人病倒，甚至死去。

除了食物上的恶劣以外，战俘们每天还要从事着大量的体力劳动，最开始是搬石头盖房子，到了后来房子盖完了，居然又要战士们拆房子，甚至把石头从这头搬到那头，再搬回来，永无止境，令人绝望。

战俘营里负责做饭的是美国人，多年后赵英魁曾经回忆过：“当时的美国人几乎不会做饭，豆芽菜都能做出树皮的口感，嚼都嚼不烂，只有一个多月一次的改善伙食时，我们这些人才能勉强吃上一些过期的牛肉罐头。”

战俘们的营养水平，普遍也就是刚刚不至于饿死的阶段，但哪怕如此，依然鲜少有人投降。

后来国民党人眼看实在不是办法，便又想了个注意，那就是在这些俘虏中，混杂一批特务，随时监控俘虏行动，并且传播谣言，伺机煽动洗脑。

这些国民党特务演技往往是十分低劣的，每次刚刚混进人群，就能够被老兵一眼识破，但是对于他们的存在，战俘们却又无计可施。只能听着他们在大吹特吹，宣传国民党的政策如何优越，未来势必还是老蒋的天下等等。

能够坚持到进入战俘营都没有投降的志愿军往往都是意志力十分坚定的，正因如此，国民党特务们的这些宣传几乎没有收到任何效果。

最终他们也不得已放弃，继续沿用恐怖镇压的那一套。

国民党知道志愿军意志坚定，唯一在意的便是能够回到祖国，与亲人团聚，因此，为了从身体和心理上瓦解志愿军，有人提出在每一个战士的身上刺字，刺上一些反动宣传口号：例如“反共抗俄”、“国民党重回大陆”，甚至包括对于主要领导人的侮辱言论。

战士们往往不害怕吃苦挨打，但是都害怕落上这些刺青，当了战俘本身就称得上是奇耻大辱了，现如今带上这种文字回国，就算上级原谅，恐怕在生活中街坊邻居也不会原谅，因此人人都极力反抗。

有的战士在被刺上侮辱性文字之后，甚至用粗糙的砖头将皮肤磨个稀巴烂，宁愿冒着感染死去的危险，也不要带着这样的文字。

1953年，抗美援朝战争结束，中美双方开始交还俘虏。

然而，国民党特务们为了阻挠这一切，又想出了一个主意，成立了一个“大陆灾胞救济总会”，把14,000名俘虏全部纳入其中，以受难华侨的名义将其运往台湾“苦苓岭战俘营”。

为了宣扬自身的法理性，这些人刚刚到台湾没几天，国民党就向世界宣布，志愿军战俘已经全部“投诚”，加入国军。

真实情况是，这批俘虏只是被套了个军团的名字，实际上仍然是作为囚犯看押。

14000人不是个小数字，吃喝拉撒都是一笔不小的开销，因此，在后来，国民党开始对其进行有针对性的屠杀。

最先受难的是16岁以下40岁以上或者身体较差的人，这些人做不了劳力，因此便被国民党统一“清理”。

其次是那些拒不合作的人，国民党从来不讲什么优待战俘，但凡稍有不顺从，就会直接杀害，对外宣传是失踪。

在这些人中，赵英魁的运气大概是最好的，他曾经拒绝加入国军，但是没有被杀，而是被捆绑在吊架之上一连数日，致使双手脱臼，最终被判为有期徒刑5年，关进了大牢。

按照当时台湾的法律，赵英魁是可以得到保释的，但此时的他在台湾举目无亲，哪怕是已经过了刑期，也依然没有得到释放，而是被送进了一个收容所，和一群疯子、流浪汉、精神病患者关在一起。

哪怕是哪些同意加入到国民党部队当中的人，日子也不太好过，国民党名义上叫他们一声军人，实际地位还是囚犯。

这些战士平时的工作就是做苦力，他们一来享受不到任何的医疗保障，二来在这里也举目无亲，即便是后来因为年龄大遭到了释放，但也没有正式身份，无法融入社会。

对于那些已经被释放的人，国民党政府仍然将他们牢牢握在手中，一有机会便会推出来进行反共宣传，甚至指派他们加入不同党派，以此来营造出台湾岛上的“民主氛围”。

如果稍有不从，就将面临刑罚甚至杀害。就这样，在远离家乡的小岛上，在这无尽的孤独和痛苦里，他们一直度过了三十年的时间……

1987年，随着中国大陆和台湾之间的关系迎来了缓和，直到这时，台湾当局才允许了这批人返回大陆，并且公费为其中一批人洗去了纹身。

此时，距离他们来到台湾已经过去了34年了。

面对着这些受苦的老兵，大陆的同胞更多的是同情，三十年前，他们怀揣着为国牺牲的理想踏出国门，受到了无数的委屈，现如今，又有谁真的愿意指责这些人呢？

为了能够给这些老兵一个安定的后半生，我国政府明确做出了指令：允许他们返回大陆进行定居生活，尤其家乡政府为其安顿养老，并且，对于三十年来的一切历史问题不再追究，禁止各级政府对其有所歧视，让老兵安安稳稳度过后半生。

得知这一消息以后，很多老兵激动的泪流满面，由于年代久远，很多老兵要么已经去世，要么已经在台湾结婚生子，但是，最终仍然有包括赵英魁在内的数千人返回到了大陆的家乡。

这些志愿军虽然很多人都被迫加入了国民党，但是，从本意上来讲，他们是从来都没有想过要背叛国家的，他们并没有犯错，而是历史的背负者。

但是，虽然过往的耻辱可以抹去，身上的纹身也可以消除，对于这些老兵而言，内心的伤疤却是永远抚不平的。

在那场发生在国外的战争中，那些曾经深深伤害过他们的“同胞”，成为了他们无数人心中的梦魇。

战争是残酷的，然而那些灭绝人性不择手段的人，才更应值得痛恨，蒋氏和他的国民党政府势必将永远钉在历史的耻辱柱上。