加碘酸钾的盐是一种毒盐
Potassium iodate salt is a poisonous salt
Many people ask me why the iodine supplement in China is changed from potassium iodide to potassium iodate? In fact, this question is a very complicated one, and it cannot be explained clearly in a few sentences.
In the 1970s, the Americans accidentally discovered that potassium iodate iodine supplementation would cause many adverse consequences. In order to prevent excessive iodine supplementation, especially to prevent the damage to the human body caused by potassium iodate, the United States ordered to limit the addition of iodic acid to bread in time. The amount of potassium, the iodine agent used for disinfection of dairy cows was changed to other disinfectants, and it was stipulated that a nationwide test should be carried out every two years. After taking these measures, the urinary iodine of Americans has gradually decreased since 1974 and has remained at around 150 μg/L for many years [1].
However, the United States has not announced the problems of iodine supplementation with potassium iodate to the outside world, nor has it released all the research results of the United States. Developed countries believe that the population development in developing countries is too fast and should be limited, and potassium iodate has the effect of reducing male sperm. Therefore, the United States has passed the World Health Organization, the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Diseases and the United Nations Children's Fund since 1975. Iodine supplementation with potassium iodate is recommended for all developing countries.
China is the largest developing country in the world, so the United States formed the "I3050 Project to Destroy China" plan. But at that time, the U.S. government was not very optimistic about the plan, because it was too difficult to fully realize the six projects in the plan. The first hurdle is how to get China to give up iodine supplementation with potassium iodide and replace iodine supplementation with potassium iodate. This problem is the premise of realizing the "I3050 Project of Destroying China". If this problem is not solved, the following things will be useless.
1. The following reasons for changing potassium iodide to potassium iodate are all wrong
1. In order to connect with the world
Many experts say that China supplements iodine with potassium iodate in order to catch up with the world. This is a lie.
my country began to supplement iodine in some iodine-deficient areas in 1963. At that time, only more than 20 countries in the world had iodized table salt, and all iodized agents were potassium iodide. China also uses potassium iodide. If it is said to be in line with the world, China used potassium iodide to supplement iodine at that time to be in line with the world.
The International Iodine Deficiency Disease Control Organization announced in 1990 that there are 118 countries in the world that implement salt iodization, 95% of the developed countries still use potassium iodide, and about 60% of the developing countries use potassium iodate. If it is said to be in line with the world, China should also apply potassium iodide. However, China has announced in 1989 that potassium iodide will be changed to potassium iodate throughout the country from 1989. Is this connecting with the world? This is clearly the opposite.
Therefore, it is pure nonsense to say that China supplements iodine with potassium iodate to catch up with the world.
2. For cheap
There are also some people who say that China changed potassium iodide to potassium iodate because potassium iodate is cheap. The basis of these people is that developed countries are rich and can supplement iodine with high-priced iodine supplements, while developing countries are poor and have to use cheap iodine supplements. Iodine supplements supplement iodine. Most developed countries use potassium iodide to supplement iodine, so the price of potassium iodide must be higher than that of potassium iodate.
I found that many people have this kind of thinking, but the reality is completely opposite. The price of iodine supplementation with potassium iodide is about 30% lower than that of potassium iodate. The specific reasons are as follows:
Haihu Salt and Chemical Industry Magazine, No. 1, 1995, published a paper by Xue Jinzhan of Jiangsu Salt Industry Research and Design Institute "A Brief Discussion on the Selection of Table Salt Iodine Adding Agents KI and KIO3", which talked about the economics of supplementing iodine with potassium iodide and potassium iodate From the benefit comparison, it can be seen that supplementing iodine with potassium iodide is much cheaper than supplementing iodine with potassium iodate. In that year (1994), the price of potassium iodate was 125,000 yuan per ton, and the price of potassium iodide was 85,000 yuan per ton.
Therefore, China's change of iodine supplement from potassium iodide to potassium iodate is definitely not because potassium iodate is cheap, so what is the reason? .
3. Potassium iodate has good stability
The only reason that almost all those who advocate potassium iodate is good for iodine supplementation is that potassium iodate has good stability. This is true, and this is precisely the shortcoming of potassium iodide. Therefore, potassium iodate is used by the United States as a tool to poison the people of developing countries with the logic of "one handsome cover up one hundred ugly".
The first condition for being a food additive is safety, and safety comes first, followed by cost, convenience and stability. Therefore, it is wrong to rank the stability of iodine supplements as the first priority.
The whole world recognizes that the safety of potassium iodide is far greater than that of potassium iodate, and the toxicity of potassium iodate is 10 times greater than that of potassium iodide. This is proved by the use of potassium iodide in most of the developed countries in the world. Potassium iodide has been used in iodized salt for more than 70 years (referring to 1995), and no serious major problems have occurred, while potassium iodate was added after potassium iodate was added to American bread to cause excessive iodine supplementation. The United States has restricted the use of potassium iodate after discovering the problem of potassium iodate iodine supplementation.
It can be seen from the above that China changed the potassium iodide in the iodine supplement to potassium iodate, not to catch up with the world, nor is it because we are poor and cannot afford potassium iodide. It's not about the stability of potassium iodate, so why?
2. China's change of potassium iodide to potassium iodate is the recommendation of the United States
The prerequisite for the United States to implement the "I3050 Project to Destroy China" against China is that China must supplement iodine with potassium iodate, otherwise it will be useless. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the United States began to formulate and implement detailed work plans, recommending through various channels that China should abandon potassium iodide supplementation of iodine and replace it with potassium iodate supplementation of iodine. The following is evidence provided by some endemic experts:
1. "In 1995, according to the recommendation of WHO, potassium iodate with good stability was used nationwide to process iodized salt instead of potassium iodide." (Li Lijuan, Zhao Wende, Qiu Mingcai. Potassium iodate and iodine salt to prevent and treat iodine deficiency diseases. Chinese Journal of Endemic Disease Control, Vol. l7, No. 2, 2002)
2. "Salt iodization is an effective measure to prevent iodine deficiency diseases. There are two forms of salt iodization, potassium iodate and potassium iodide. Because the former is more stable in nature than the latter, the World Health Organization recommends potassium iodate as salt iodine. The main form of iodine" (reviewed by Luo Yuyu and reviewed by Chen Zupei, research progress on the safety of potassium iodate, Chinese Journal of Endemic Diseases, Volume 21, Issue 5, September 2002)
3. "In 1995, according to the recommendation of WHO, potassium iodate (KIO3) with good stability was used nationwide to replace potassium iodide to process iodized salt" (Guo Huailan, Pang Hong, Xu Jian, Yang Xuefeng, Hou Xiaohui, Chen Xiaoyi, Sun Xiufa iodic acid Potassium Subchronic Toxicity Research (Journal of Toxicology, Volume 19, Issue 4, December 2005)
There are also many experts who unanimously admit that China's replacement of iodine supplementation from potassium iodide to potassium iodate is recommended by the World Health Organization, so I won't go into details here.
From the above evidence, it can be seen that China's change of iodine supplement from potassium iodide to potassium iodate was not the subjective will of the Ministry of Health, but the recommendation of the World Health Organization. In fact, it was the opinion of the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Diseases. The disease council is controlled by the United States, and it is actually recommended by the United States.
Since the United States needs absolute secrecy in order to realize the "I3050 Project to Destroy China", it will not be done in person if it is not an urgent moment, and the agents of the United States in the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Diseases, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund will do it. manage.
3. The fundamental reason why China changed the iodine supplement from potassium iodide to potassium iodate is because potassium iodate is highly toxic
There are seven reasons why potassium iodide should be used in iodine supplements in my country:
1. 1.3 billion people are forced to supplement iodine, and safety is the first priority. The world recognizes that potassium iodide is safer than potassium iodate, and China should continue to use potassium iodide.
2. Our country has been in line with the world since 1963. Potassium iodide has been used to supplement iodine for more than 30 years. There have been no problems in China. A lot of practice at home and abroad has proved that the safety of potassium iodide supplemented iodine is far greater than potassium iodate. The mandatory universal iodine supplementation in 1995 should continue to use potassium iodide.
3. LD50 of KI: 2779mg/kg: LD50 of KIO3: 136mg/kg. Potassium iodate is much more toxic than potassium iodide!
LD50 is the semi-lethal dose ((mice peritoneal cavity),
4. Potassium iodate is included in the 2012 Inventory of Hazardous Chemicals. Potassium iodate is located in №51517, but there is no potassium iodide.
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/7563ba29b4daa58da0114a42.html
5. The FAO/WHO joint expert meeting on food additives pointed out in 1990 that potassium iodate is "stable especially in hot and humid or tropical climates", but China is mainly in temperate zones, hot and humid or tropical climates are very stable. Therefore, it is not suitable to supplement iodine with potassium iodate in most areas of China.
6. Table salt is easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, and it is more likely to agglomerate after adding potassium iodate. As a last resort, the antagonist potassium ferrocyanide must be added. Potassium ferrocyanide is also
7. The cost of potassium iodide is lower than that of potassium iodate. For China, which mainly relies on imported raw iodine, the cost issue should be considered after safety reasons. Potassium iodide should also be used in consideration of cost.
The above seven reasons show that supplementing iodine with potassium iodide is legitimate and reasonable. That being the case, why does China use potassium iodate to supplement iodine in "rectification and return to evil"? The reason disclosed is that potassium iodate has good stability. The secret reason is that potassium iodate is highly toxic, especially because potassium iodate can reduce the number of male sperm and reduce the quality of sperm, which is greatly beneficial to family planning.
Family planning and compulsory iodine supplementation for all are two major projects in China, two national policies, but they are led by one department and both are in charge of Peng Peiyun. Can you say that compulsory iodine supplementation for all has nothing to do with family planning?
4. The Chinese Expert Group on Endemic Diseases is the vanguard of actively implementing the US plan
In order to implement the U.S. plan to implement the "I3050 Project to Destroy China" against China, and help the U.S. solve the first problem, and let China change iodine supplementation from potassium iodide to potassium iodate supplementation, the endemic disease expert group of the Ministry of Health has worked hard, painstakingly and persistently In 1984, the members of the endemic disease expert group have repeatedly suggested that the Ministry of Health should change the iodine supplement from potassium iodide to potassium iodate in accordance with the will of ICCIDD passed by the United States.
[Evidence] "In view of the advantages of potassium iodate, the members of my country's endemic disease expert group have suggested for many times to use potassium iodate to process iodized salt since 1984. After observation experiments and expert group demonstrations, in 1989, the Department of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Health, Chinese Medicine The company and the China National Salt Industry Corporation notified in Wei Di Zi (89) No. 45 document that since 1990, potassium iodate has been used instead of potassium iodide to process iodized salt throughout the country.”
【Source of Evidence】
Li Lijuan, Zhao Wende, Qiu Mingcai, "Discussion on Issues Concerning the Prevention and Treatment of Iodine Deficiency Diseases with Potassium Iodate and Iodized Salt", Chinese Journal of Endemic Disease Control, Vol. l7, No. 2, 2002
[Comment] The United States is not confident enough to allow China to change iodine supplementation to potassium iodate, because China has used potassium iodide supplementation for 35 years, and the world has recognized that it has made great achievements. No side effects have been found in 35 years of iodine supplementation, and no one has raised different opinions. Moreover, industrialized countries all over the world use potassium iodide to supplement iodine, and potassium iodate is suitable for tropical and humid areas, but not for China. Also, the price of potassium iodate is still high. What reason is there for China to "correct"? The Americans were so worried that they couldn't understand it. But they believed that "fortresses are easiest to breach from within". So the arduous task was handed over to the Chinese.
Chinese endemic disease experts believe in a common saying that "a lie told a thousand times will become the truth". The Ministry of Industry, the State Administration of Medicine, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Communications, and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce "Joint Notice on Potassium Iodide Substituting Potassium Iodide for Processing Iodized Salt" (Wei Di Zi [89] No. 2 on February 1, 1989 )
With this success, the Chinese expert group on endemic diseases made a "first-class contribution" and opened a bloody road for the United States to implement the "I3050 Project to Destroy China".
The document "Joint Notice on Potassium Iodide Substituting Potassium Iodide for Processing Iodized Salt" stated that "For many years, China has been using potassium iodide to process iodized salt, and a lot of work has been done to prevent and treat iodine deficiency diseases. However, potassium iodide is volatile, easy to lose, and easy to reduce. Iodized salt preventive efficacy and other issues, and potassium iodate has stable chemical properties, is not easy to volatilize at room temperature, does not absorb water, does not lose, and is easy to preserve. Using it to process iodized salt can achieve better disease prevention effects. After scientific research and Partial experiments, it was decided to gradually switch to potassium iodate to process iodized salt throughout the country starting in 1989.", in which "after scientific research and local experiments" is pure nonsense.
After consulting a large number of Chinese experts' papers on the safety of iodine supplementation with potassium iodate, almost all of them appeared after the domestic and foreign disputes about compulsory iodine supplementation for the whole population. Many Chinese experts have admitted that it was ordered by international organizations to supplement iodine with potassium iodate. The investigation found that any international organization has never issued any document suggesting that China change the iodine supplement to potassium iodate, all of which are suggestions in the name of individuals related to the United States working in international organizations.
5. Allow China to continue to use potassium iodate when iodine supplementation is mandatory for the whole population
With the active efforts of the Chinese endemic disease expert group, the Ministry of Health approved the use of potassium iodate instead of potassium iodide for iodine supplementation across the country starting in 1990. So far, the "I3050 Project of Destroying China" in the United States has successfully taken a key and important first step. Step by step, the confidence of all staff has greatly increased and they are full of energy.
But at that time, iodine supplementation was only for wards, not compulsory for the whole population. If we want to fully complete the "Destroy China I3050 Project" plan, we must let China implement compulsory iodine supplementation for all people, and we must let China implement compulsory iodine supplementation for all people and continue to use potassium iodate, so that the wishful plan can be realized. Therefore, the United States, the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Fund, the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Diseases, and Chinese endemic disease experts have worked together for four years and finally achieved the ideal goal. In 1994, China continued to use iodic acid for compulsory iodine supplementation for all. potassium.
1. Stanbury, former chairman of the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, once discussed the safety of potassium iodate
[Evidence] Stanbury, the former chairman of the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, once discussed the safety of potassium iodate, and believed that it is quite safe to take a certain amount of iodine from potassium iodate iodized salt, and strengthen it in salt to prevent iodine deficiency diseases The dosage is reliable and fully acceptable
【Source of Evidence】Stanbury JB. The safety of iodate as a salt additive EJ]. IDD Newsletter, 1991, 7: 23.
[Brief Comment] Looking at the original text of Stanbury, the former chairman of the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, we can find that the chairman is not an expert at all, there is no research experiment report, and there is no reliable evidence. It is quite safe to take a certain amount of iodine in iodized salt, and it is reliable and completely acceptable to fortify it in salt to prevent iodine deficiency diseases.” Too irresponsible.
(Stanbury JB. The safety of iodate asa salt additive EJ]. IDD Newsletter, 1991, 7: 23)
2. FAO/WHO jointly stated on food additives that "potassium iodate is a more suitable substance than potassium iodide"
[Evidence] The FAO/WHO Joint Expert Meeting on Food Additions pointed out in 1990, "It has been proved that potassium iodate is a more suitable substance than potassium iodide for adding iodine to table salt, because it has greater stability. Especially are more stable in hot humid or tropical climates". Stanbury pointed out that it is very safe to ingest a certain amount of potassium iodate from potassium iodate iodized salt. at least a thousand times safety factor
[Source of Evidence] Li Lijuan, Zhao Wende, "Qiu Mingcai's Discussion on Issues Concerning the Prevention and Treatment of Iodine Deficiency Diseases with Potassium Iodine Salt", Chinese Journal of Endemic Disease Control, Volume 17, Issue 2, 2002
[Brief Comment] The experts of the FAO/WHO entrusted by the United States did not have any reliable evidence to prove the safety of using potassium iodate for 1.3 billion people. Just saying "potassium iodate is a more suitable substance than potassium iodide" just "because it has greater stability" obviously lacks evidence and is irresponsible.
In particular, experts say that "it is relatively stable especially in hot and humid or tropical climates", the biggest advantage of potassium iodate is its stability, but "especially in hot and humid or tropical climates" just shows that it is not suitable for China, because China belongs to the temperate zone The application of potassium iodate in China requires salt to be humidified first, and then potassium iodate is added. When drying iodized salt, part of potassium iodate is wasted during actual processing, and a lot of energy is wasted in drying iodized salt.
3. The reason why the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Diseases recommends potassium iodate depends only on information
[Evidence] Commissioned by the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders H. Btirgi et al reviewed 55 literatures from 1941 to 2000. Reiterate that long-term oral administration of small doses of potassium iodate iodide salt is safe, non-genotoxic and carcinogenic; the bioavailability of oral potassium iodate is essentially the same as that of potassium iodide; The reaction is quickly reduced to potassium iodide and then used by the body
[Source of Evidence] Li Lijuan, Zhao Wende, Qiu Mingcai, "Discussion on Issues Concerning the Prevention and Treatment of Iodine Deficiency Diseases with Potassium Iodate and Iodized Salt", Chinese Journal of Endemic Disease Control, Volume 17, Issue 2, 2002
[Brief Comment] Although this article was published in 2002, it can fully demonstrate that the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders can only be a charlatan. Because it is a big deal to ask 13 people to use iodine supplements. There is no such large-scale application of iodine supplementation in the history of the world. It must be very cautious and scientific experiments. However, they only relied on "reviewing 55 literatures from 1941 to 2000" to say with certainty that "reaffirming that long-term oral administration of small doses of potassium iodate iodide salt is safe, without genotoxicity and carcinogenicity; the bioavailability of oral potassium iodate and Potassium iodide is essentially the same; intravenous potassium iodate is quickly reduced to potassium iodide through non-enzymatic reactions in the body and then used by the body.” Therefore, it is very lack of evidence to recommend 1.3 billion Chinese people to eat potassium iodate. reliable.
4. "Appears to be quite safe when ingested in the amounts added to table salt"
[Evidence] "In short, from the existing evidence, it seems that the intake of iodate added to table salt is very safe, even if the intake is increased by 1000 times, it is still safe. In addition, it has good stability during storage. Iodine salts can be considered as a reliable and well-accepted supplement for fortification of table salt iodine in the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders"
【Source of Evidence】
J． B． The safety of Stanbury iodate as a salt additive IDD New sletter (English) 1991.7(3)l, Endemic Translation Series, Volume l4, Issue 3, 1993 Lin Fatao translated Pan Leijing
【Brief Comment】
Science is science, and there is no room for ambiguity. However, when it comes to major issues involving the health of hundreds of millions of people, it is said that "it seems that it is very safe to ingest the amount of iodate added to table salt." Can "seems" be used?
There is also "even if the intake is increased by 1000 times, it is still safe", this is obviously nonsense, and there is no evidence at all.
5. "Long-term consumption of potassium iodate or potassium iodide iodized salt has no obvious damage to human health"
[Evidence] In 1991, at the 43rd World Health Assembly, the FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives stated: "Long-term consumption of potassium iodate or potassium iodide iodized salt has no obvious damage to human health. Toxicological hazards to human body caused by ingestion of these salts at acceptable levels. In order to achieve the important public health purpose of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, potassium iodate and potassium iodide should continue to be used.”
【Source of Evidence】
[Brief Comment] These experts believe that "long-term consumption of potassium iodate or potassium iodide iodized salt has no obvious damage to human health" is unfounded. If it is said that it is too far for potassium iodide, it is insufficient evidence to say the same for potassium iodate up. Because potassium iodate is used for iodine supplementation for a short time and is highly toxic, hundreds of millions of people in the world have used it for a long time, and there are not many studies.
In addition, it is too irresponsible to let a large number of Chinese people eat it because "there is no obvious harmful effect"?
Fudged by many experts at home and abroad, the only legal position of potassium iodate was determined in China's second major national policy, the programmatic document on compulsory iodine supplementation for all. step.
6. Let the Chinese supplement iodine with potassium iodate forever
Iodine supplements can only be realized by continuously supplementing iodine with potassium iodate at a high iodine level. How to make China permanently supplement iodine with potassium iodate is also a big problem, but Chinese endemic disease experts have a solution.
On July 26, 2010, the Ministry of Health issued the "Iodine Content in Edible Salt" (Draft for Comment) Compilation Instructions
http://www.cfda.com.cn/newsdetail.aspx?id=35227,
The article said, "The second consultation:
On March 30, 2009, the "Seminar on Technical Issues Related to Iodine Deficiency Disorders" was held in Beijing, in which the national standard for "Iodine Content in Edible Salt" was discussed. Li Quanle, director of the Endemic Disease Management Division of the Disease Control Bureau of the Ministry of Health, and Cui Guiling, director of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology; Chen Zupei, Yan Yuqin, Chen Zhihui, and Liu Shoujun, the main developers of this standard; Wei Honglian, Yu Jun and Zhang Shubin participated in the meeting and discussion. The meeting listened to the different revision opinions of the leaders of relevant government departments and participating experts on the standard, and had a serious and heated discussion. The main developer of this standard summarized various opinions and formed the following revision opinions.
(1) It was suggested that in Standard 2.2, the sentence: "Our country uses potassium iodate as an iodine fortifier" should be deleted. The standard development group believes that the revision opinion is not adopted, because Premier Li Peng issued Order No. 163 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on August 23, 1994, in the second chapter of the "Regulations on the Administration of Salt Iodization to Eliminate Iodine Deficiency Hazards" Article 8 clearly stipulates the use of potassium iodate to process iodized salt. The formulation of this standard should be consistent with national laws and regulations, and potassium iodate should still be used as an iodine fortifier for edible salt before the regulations are revised. "
This passage shows that as long as the "Decree No. 163 of the State Council" is not changed, China will always supplement iodine with potassium iodate.
A small iodine supplement, although there is only one word difference between potassium iodide and potassium iodate, it is far away from each other. It is related to the survival of the Chinese nation. You should believe it!
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